- LITHIUM NIOBATE CRYSTAL NO FURTHER A MYSTERY

In 1993 Kuz’minov and Osiko identified that the ‘disturbance�?of stoichiometry in LN crystals is principally mainly because of the insufficient oxygen in Nb2O5, used for a raw material Preliminary soften (Czochralski approach) [186]. Appropriately, based upon its generation engineering, niobium pentoxide can undertake a wide array of composit